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− | <languages /> | + | <languages/> |
{{TNT|PD Help Page}} | {{TNT|PD Help Page}} | ||
複数のページに含めたい共通するようなテキストがある場合、MediaWiki のテンプレート機能が役立ちます。 | 複数のページに含めたい共通するようなテキストがある場合、MediaWiki のテンプレート機能が役立ちます。 | ||
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* <code><nowiki>{{Name}}</nowiki></code> — as described above, this link will be dynamically replaced by the current content of <nowiki>[[Template:Name]]</nowiki> at the time the page with the template link is '''loaded'''. The link will remain unchanged in the page's source. | * <code><nowiki>{{Name}}</nowiki></code> — as described above, this link will be dynamically replaced by the current content of <nowiki>[[Template:Name]]</nowiki> at the time the page with the template link is '''loaded'''. The link will remain unchanged in the page's source. | ||
− | * <code><nowiki>{{subst:Name}}</nowiki></code> — when this template link is used, it will be replaced once and for all with the content of <nowiki>[[Template:Name]]</nowiki> as of the time the page with the link is '''saved''': a copy of the contents of <nowiki>[[Template:Name]]</nowiki> will be ''substituted'' for the template link. The contents are then a part of the including page, and can be edited normally, separately from the original. ''Note'': | + | * <code><nowiki>{{subst:Name}}</nowiki></code> — when this template link is used, it will be replaced once and for all with the content of <nowiki>[[Template:Name]]</nowiki> as of the time the page with the link is '''saved''': a copy of the contents of <nowiki>[[Template:Name]]</nowiki> will be ''substituted'' for the template link. The contents are then a part of the including page, and can be edited normally, separately from the original. ''Note'': changes to the source template page will ''not'' be propagated to the page with the template link. |
* <code><nowiki>{{safesubst:Name}}</nowiki></code> — this was introduced to allow for substitution that doesn't break transclusion, see [[w:en:Help:Substitution#The safesubst: modifier]]. | * <code><nowiki>{{safesubst:Name}}</nowiki></code> — this was introduced to allow for substitution that doesn't break transclusion, see [[w:en:Help:Substitution#The safesubst: modifier]]. | ||
* <code><nowiki>{{msgnw:Name}}</nowiki></code>は、それを含むページが取得されるときに、<code><nowiki><nowiki></nowiki></code>のように生のwiki構文として表示する形式でテンプレートを埋め込みます。 | * <code><nowiki>{{msgnw:Name}}</nowiki></code>は、それを含むページが取得されるときに、<code><nowiki><nowiki></nowiki></code>のように生のwiki構文として表示する形式でテンプレートを埋め込みます。 | ||
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== パラメーター == | == パラメーター == | ||
− | + | To enrich the mechanism of transclusion, MediaWiki allows parameters to be passed to a template when it is transcluded. Parameters allow the template to produce different contents or have different behaviors. | |
− | + | Suppose you wish to insert a little thank you note in the [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Talk pages|talk page]] of other users, such as: | |
{{Thankyou|all your effort|Me}} | {{Thankyou|all your effort|Me}} | ||
− | The thank you note | + | The thank you note will have a reason (in this case, "all your effort") and a signature ("Me"). Your objective is that any user is able to thank any other user, for any reason whatsoever. |
− | + | So that the note will look similar everywhere it is used, you can define a template called [[Template:Thankyou]], for example. Although the note should look similar whenever a user thanks another user, its specific contents (i.e. the reason and the signature) will be different. For that reason, you should pass them as parameters. If we ignore the remaining elements to format the box and place the image, the core content of the template will be this: | |
− | < | + | <pre><nowiki>'''A little thank you...''' |
− | ''' | + | for {{{1}}}. |
− | {{{1}}} | + | hugs, {{{2}}}</nowiki></pre> |
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− | </ | ||
Notice the use of <code><nowiki>{{{1}}}</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>{{{2}}}</nowiki></code>. This is the way to identify, within templates, the parameters that will be passed in when the template is used. Note that, within the template, each parameter is surrounded by '''three''' braces: <code><nowiki>{{{ }}}</nowiki></code>. This is different from normal template name usage. | Notice the use of <code><nowiki>{{{1}}}</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>{{{2}}}</nowiki></code>. This is the way to identify, within templates, the parameters that will be passed in when the template is used. Note that, within the template, each parameter is surrounded by '''three''' braces: <code><nowiki>{{{ }}}</nowiki></code>. This is different from normal template name usage. | ||
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<nowiki>{{Thankyou|Me|all your effort}}</nowiki> | <nowiki>{{Thankyou|Me|all your effort}}</nowiki> | ||
− | + | 以下のような出力がなされます。 | |
{{Thankyou|Me|all your effort}} | {{Thankyou|Me|all your effort}} | ||
'''Note:''' identifying parameters by order (with <code><nowiki>{{{1}}}</nowiki></code>, etc) works ''only'' with anonymous parameters. If your page identifies any parameter by number or name, as shown below, this method will no longer be available to the template which receives them. | '''Note:''' identifying parameters by order (with <code><nowiki>{{{1}}}</nowiki></code>, etc) works ''only'' with anonymous parameters. If your page identifies any parameter by number or name, as shown below, this method will no longer be available to the template which receives them. | ||
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=== 数値のパラメーター === | === 数値のパラメーター === | ||
− | + | 数値によるパラメーターの場合は、パラメーターの値により、識別されます。 | |
<nowiki>{{Thankyou|2=Me|1=your friendship}}</nowiki> | <nowiki>{{Thankyou|2=Me|1=your friendship}}</nowiki> | ||
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Since no parameters were passed in, the template presents the parameters themselves, instead of their respective values. In these cases, it may be useful to define ''default'' values for the parameters, i.e. values that will be used if no value is passed in. For example, if the template contents are changed to: | Since no parameters were passed in, the template presents the parameters themselves, instead of their respective values. In these cases, it may be useful to define ''default'' values for the parameters, i.e. values that will be used if no value is passed in. For example, if the template contents are changed to: | ||
− | < | + | <pre><nowiki>'''A little thank you...''' |
− | {{{reason| | + | for {{{reason|everything}}}. |
− | + | hugs, {{{signature|Me}}}</nowiki></pre> | |
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− | </ | ||
then <code><nowiki>{{{reason|everything}}}</nowiki></code> defines that if no parameter <code>{{{reason}}}</code> is provided, then the value <code>everything</code> will be used. Similarly, <code><nowiki>{{{signature|Me}}}</nowiki></code>, defaults parameter <code>{{{signature}}}</code> to value <code>Me</code>. Now, transcluding the template again without passing any parameter, results in the following: | then <code><nowiki>{{{reason|everything}}}</nowiki></code> defines that if no parameter <code>{{{reason}}}</code> is provided, then the value <code>everything</code> will be used. Similarly, <code><nowiki>{{{signature|Me}}}</nowiki></code>, defaults parameter <code>{{{signature}}}</code> to value <code>Me</code>. Now, transcluding the template again without passing any parameter, results in the following: | ||
<!-- strictly speaking, this example is false, because the template call was changed to obtain the desired effect - but the effect is the same if the template is defined as described --> | <!-- strictly speaking, this example is false, because the template call was changed to obtain the desired effect - but the effect is the same if the template is defined as described --> | ||
{{Thankyou|reason=everything|signature=Me}} | {{Thankyou|reason=everything|signature=Me}} | ||
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== テンプレートの参照読み込みの制御 == | == テンプレートの参照読み込みの制御 == | ||
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* Ensuring that the template's code is not executed when viewing the template page itself. Typically this is because it expects parameters, and its execution without parameters has an undesired result. | * Ensuring that the template's code is not executed when viewing the template page itself. Typically this is because it expects parameters, and its execution without parameters has an undesired result. | ||
− | Everything outside <code><nowiki><noinclude></nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki><includeonly></nowiki></code> is processed and displayed normally; that is, both when the template page is being viewed directly and when the template is included in another page | + | Everything outside <code><nowiki><noinclude></nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki><includeonly></nowiki></code> tags is processed and displayed normally; that is, both when the template page is being viewed directly and when the template is included in another page. |
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== テンプレートの整理 == | == テンプレートの整理 == | ||
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以下の方法で見つけられます: | 以下の方法で見つけられます: | ||
− | # ''{{int | + | # ''{{int:specialpages}}''' > '''{{int:allpages}}'''をクリック |
− | # '''{{int | + | # '''{{int:namespace}}'''一覧で、'''Template''' を選択して'''{{int:allpagessubmit}}''' |
To give usage information, include an example like this one on the template page: | To give usage information, include an example like this one on the template page: | ||
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それから編集者は同じようなページを作成するために例をコピー&ペーストします。 | それから編集者は同じようなページを作成するために例をコピー&ペーストします。 | ||
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== 別のウィキへのコピー == | == 別のウィキへのコピー == | ||
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# Go to [[Special:Export]] on the original wiki, and download an .xml file with the complete history of all necessary templates, as follows: | # Go to [[Special:Export]] on the original wiki, and download an .xml file with the complete history of all necessary templates, as follows: | ||
#* Enter the name of the template in the big text box, e.g. "Template:Welcome". Pay special attention to capitalization and special characters — if the template name isn't exactly correct, the export may still occur but the .xml file will not have the expected data. | #* Enter the name of the template in the big text box, e.g. "Template:Welcome". Pay special attention to capitalization and special characters — if the template name isn't exactly correct, the export may still occur but the .xml file will not have the expected data. | ||
− | #* ボックス「{{int | + | #* ボックス「{{int:export-templates}}」にチェックを入れる。 |
− | #* ボックス「{{int | + | #* ボックス「{{int:exportcuronly}}」の'''チェックを外す'''。 |
− | #* 「{{int | + | #* 「{{int:export-submit}}」をクリック。 |
# Go to [[Special:Import]] on the new wiki and upload the .xml file. | # Go to [[Special:Import]] on the new wiki and upload the .xml file. | ||
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# Look for the use of CSS classes (text like <code>class="foobar"</code>) in the template text. If those classes appear in "MediaWiki:Common.css" or "MediaWiki:Monobook.css" on the original wiki, copy those classes to "MediaWiki:Common.css" on the new wiki and check if the template is now fine. | # Look for the use of CSS classes (text like <code>class="foobar"</code>) in the template text. If those classes appear in "MediaWiki:Common.css" or "MediaWiki:Monobook.css" on the original wiki, copy those classes to "MediaWiki:Common.css" on the new wiki and check if the template is now fine. | ||
# If the copied template is still not working as expected, check if there is code in "MediaWiki:Common.js" or "MediaWiki:Monobook.js" on the original wiki. If so, you can try copying it to "MediaWiki:Common.js" on the new wiki. Normally, it is a good idea to only copy code from trusted sources, and first browsing the code to identify and select the parts that are relevant. You may find comments that can serve as clues to identify the functionality of each part. | # If the copied template is still not working as expected, check if there is code in "MediaWiki:Common.js" or "MediaWiki:Monobook.js" on the original wiki. If so, you can try copying it to "MediaWiki:Common.js" on the new wiki. Normally, it is a good idea to only copy code from trusted sources, and first browsing the code to identify and select the parts that are relevant. You may find comments that can serve as clues to identify the functionality of each part. | ||
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== 関連項目 == | == 関連項目 == | ||
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* {{ll|Help:External searches}} – 特殊なテンプレートの例 | * {{ll|Help:External searches}} – 特殊なテンプレートの例 | ||
* {{ll|Help:Magic words}} – fancy stuff you may find in some templates | * {{ll|Help:Magic words}} – fancy stuff you may find in some templates | ||
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** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Advanced templates|m:Help:Advanced templates]] – describes even more advanced techniques such as dynamic template calls and variable variables | ** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Advanced templates|m:Help:Advanced templates]] – describes even more advanced techniques such as dynamic template calls and variable variables | ||
* [[m:Help:Embed page|m:Help:Embed page]] – embedding pages from [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Namespaces|namespaces]] other than <code>Template:</code>. | * [[m:Help:Embed page|m:Help:Embed page]] – embedding pages from [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Namespaces|namespaces]] other than <code>Template:</code>. | ||
− | * | + | * [[Manual:Importing Wikipedia infoboxes tutorial|Importing Wikipedia infoboxes tutorial]] |
[[Category:Help{{translation}}|Templates]] | [[Category:Help{{translation}}|Templates]] | ||
[[Category:Template{{translation}}]] | [[Category:Template{{translation}}]] | ||
[[Category:MediaWiki for site admins{{translation}}]] | [[Category:MediaWiki for site admins{{translation}}]] |